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Parkinson’s Disease

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What is Parkinson’s Disease?

Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a progressive neurological disorder that affects movement due to the degeneration of dopamine-producing nerve cells in the brain. It leads to tremors, stiffness, and difficulty with balance and coordination, gradually worsening over time.
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Causes of Parkinson’s Disease

Although the exact cause is unknown, several factors may contribute to the development of Parkinson’s Disease:

  • Genetics – Family history can increase the risk.
  • Environmental Factors – Exposure to toxins, pesticides, or heavy metals.
  • Aging – Risk increases with age, typically after 60.
  • Brain Chemical Imbalance – Reduced levels of dopamine affect movement control.

Symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease

The symptoms develop gradually and worsen over time. Common signs include:

  • Tremors: Shaking in hands, arms, legs, or jaw, even at rest.
  • Muscle Stiffness: Difficulty moving due to rigid muscles.
  • Slowed Movement (Bradykinesia): Trouble initiating and completing movements.
  • Postural Instability: Balance and coordination issues leading to falls.
  • Facial Expression Changes: Reduced blinking and difficulty showing emotions.
  • Speech & Writing Changes: Soft, slurred speech and small, cramped handwriting.

Treatment for Parkinson’s Disease

While there is no cure, various treatment options can help manage symptoms effectively:

  • Medication Therapy: Drugs like Levodopa, Dopamine Agonists, and MAO-B inhibitors help regulate dopamine levels.
  • Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation:
    • Gait Training & Balance Exercises to prevent falls.
    • Stretching & Strengthening Routines to maintain mobility.
    • Postural Correction & Coordination Exercises to enhance movement.

Prevention & Lifestyle Management

Though Parkinson’s cannot be entirely prevented, the following steps may help reduce the risk and slow progression:

  • Regular Exercise: Improves strength, flexibility, and brain function.
  • Healthy Diet: Antioxidant-rich foods, Omega-3 fatty acids, and proper hydration.
  • Avoiding Toxins: Limiting exposure to pesticides, chemicals, and pollutants.
  • Mental Stimulation: Engaging in activities like reading, puzzles, and learning new skills.
  • Quality Sleep: Maintaining good sleep hygiene to support brain health.